“How old is Japan?”
You might have wondered this at some point. Surprisingly, Japan is known as the country with the world’s oldest continuous monarchy, with its origins dating back to 660 BCE, when its first emperor, Emperor Jimmu, is said to have ascended to the throne. To celebrate this historic milestone, February 11 is observed as Japan’s National Foundation Day (建国記念の日, Kenkoku Kinen no Hi).
In this article, we’ll dive into the story of Japan’s founding, blending mythology and history. We’ll also introduce the figure of Emperor Jimmu, the first emperor, explore the location of his enthronement, and share how National Foundation Day is celebrated across Japan.
What Is Japan’s Foundation?
How old is Japan?
When was Japan established as a country?
I guess Japan is over 2500 years old…
But I don’t know the detail.
Then you guys should learn today.
I’m older than Japan, Lol
How Old Is Japan? The Origins of National Foundation Day
As of 2025, Japan is an astonishing 2,685 years old. This number is based on historical accounts from the Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan) and Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters), which state that Emperor Jimmu ascended to the throne in 660 BCE. This date has been recognized as the beginning of Japan’s monarchy and is regarded as the foundation of Japan.
However, the establishment of February 11 as National Foundation Day is a relatively modern decision, introduced during the Meiji era (1868–1912) to align Japan with Western nations and emphasize its long-standing history.
The Truth About 660 BCE
The year 660 BCE sits at the intersection of mythology and history. According to ancient texts, Emperor Jimmu, also known as Kamuyamato Iwarebiko no Mikoto, descended from the line of the sun goddess Amaterasu and embarked on a journey to create a prosperous and peaceful nation. While 660 BCE may not be verifiable as a precise historical date, it symbolizes the mythical origins of Japan and its imperial lineage.
Why February 11 Is Japan’s National Foundation Day
February 11 corresponds to the first day of the first month in the lunar calendar of 660 BCE, the day when Emperor Jimmu is said to have ascended to the throne. In the Meiji period, this date was calculated according to the Gregorian calendar, giving us the modern National Foundation Day.
Today, February 11 serves as a symbolic date for reflecting on Japan’s long and rich history.
Until the Meiji era, there was a national holiday called “Kigensetsu,” which celebrated the founding of the nation. However, after World War II, in 1948, “Kigensetsu,” which originated from the enthronement of the first emperor, was abolished due to concerns from the GHQ that it might strengthen the unity of the Japanese people through reverence for the Emperor.
Who Was Emperor Jimmu?
The Roots of Emperor Jimmu: A Fusion of Myth and History
Emperor Jimmu is described as a descendant of the heavenly deities (Amatsukami), including Amaterasu, and is also connected to the earthly deities (Kunitsukami) through marriage. This union symbolizes the unification of Japan’s natural and spiritual forces, as well as its rich cultural heritage.
We have an article about Amaterasu!
If you want to know about her, please read the article below!
Emperor Jimmu’s Journey East and the Creation of Kashihara Jingu
Emperor Jimmu began his journey from Takachiho, in present-day Kyushu, and traveled eastward, overcoming numerous hardships to reach the Yamato region (modern-day Nara Prefecture). There, he established Kashihara Jingu at the base of Mount Unebi. This marked the birth of Japan as a nation, uniting various regions under one rule.
Where Did Emperor Jimmu Ascend to the Throne, and Why?
The location of Emperor Jimmu’s enthronement, Kashihara Jingu, was chosen for its fertile land and central position in the Yamato region. This area later became the heart of Japan’s cultural and political development, symbolizing Emperor Jimmu’s vision of a prosperous and unified nation.
National Foundation Day Festivities
On February 11, shrines and temples across Japan host ceremonies such as the Kigensai (Era Festival) and Kenkoku-sai (National Foundation Festival) to honor Japan’s founding. One of the most prominent events takes place at Kashihara Shrine in Nara Prefecture, attracting visitors from all over the country.
For many families, this day is also an opportunity to reflect on Japan’s history and pass on its traditions to future generations.
Conclusion
Japan’s founding story is a fascinating blend of mythology and history. The vision of peace and prosperity imagined by Emperor Jimmu continues to resonate with people today.
As National Foundation Day approaches, why not take a moment to appreciate Japan’s rich history and its journey to the present? You might discover new insights about the nation’s unique cultural heritage!
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